Grades 1-3
At this stage, children are developing basic word recognition skills both through the use of word-attack strategies and contextual cues. Students with dyslexia will show some of the following characteristics:
- difficulties with learning sound/symbol correspondences
- confusion of visually similar letters (b/d/p, w/m, h/n, f/t)
- confusion of auditorily similar letters (d/t, b/p, f/v)
- difficulties remembering basic sight vocabulary
- problems with segmenting words into individual sounds and blending sounds to form words
- reading and spelling errors that involve difficulties with sequencing and monitoring sound/symbol correspondence such as reversals of letters (past/pats), omissions (tip/trip), additions (slip/sip), substitutions (rip/rib), and transpositions (stop/pots)
- omission of grammatical endings in reading and/or writing (-s, -ed, -ing, etc.)
- difficulty remembering spelling words over time and applying spelling rules