Leaders in U.S. Women's Suffrage Movement

1820-1906

• American reformer and leader of the women's suffrage movement
• Born in Adams, MA
• Daughter of Daniel Anthony, Quaker abolitionist
• Teacher in rural New York state at 17 years old
• Fought for equal pay for women teachers, for coeducation, and for college training for girls
• Organized the first woman's temperance association, the Daughters of Temperance
• Met Elizabeth Cady Stanton at a temperance meeting in 1851 and became a close personal friend
• Until Stanton's death in 1902, Anthony and Stanton were leaders of the women's suffrage movement in the U.S.
• Lectured on women's rights and abolition from 1851 to 1860
• Helped to pass the first laws (with Stanton) in the New York state legislature to guarantee women rights over their children and control of property and wages
• In 1863 Anthony co-organized the Women's Loyal League to support Lincoln's government, especially his emancipation policy
• After the Civil War, she opposed granting suffrage to freedmen without also giving it to women (division existed among women's suffrage sympathizers on this issue)
• Anthony and Stanton organized the National Woman Suffrage Association in 1869
• National Woman Suffrage Association united with the American Woman Suffrage Association to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1890
• Anthony was President of the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1892 to 1900
• She led a group of women in 1872 to vote in Rochester, NY, to test their rights under the terms of the 14th Amendment
• Anthony was arrested, tried, and sentenced to a fine (which she refused to pay)
• Other women followed her example until the U.S. Supreme Court decided the case against them
• Beginning in 1869, she traveled and lectured throughout the U.S. and Europe
• Anthony possessed superior intellect, a strong personality, and unswerving commitment to the suffrage movement
• With Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Matilda Joslyn Gage, she compiled Volumes I, II, and III of the History of Woman Suffrage (1881-1886)
• She used her own financial resources to buy most of the first edition
• She presented the History of Woman Suffrage to colleges and universities in the U.S. and Europe
• The History of Woman Suffrage was completed by Ida Husted Harper (Vol. IV, V, and VI, 1900-1922; Anthony contributed to Vol. IV)

1857-1950

• American feminist
• Born in Orange, NJ
• Graduated from Boston University in 1881
• Daughter of Henry Brown Blackwell and Lucy Stone (American leader in the women's rights movement)
• Blackwell was an editor of the Woman's Journal from 1881 to 1917
• She began work on the Woman's Journal as assistant to her parents and became editor in chief after their deaths
• She wrote a biography of her mother in 1930
• She wrote anthologies of poetry translated from several languages

1859-1947

• American suffragist and peace advocate
• Born Carrie Lane in Ripon, WI
• Graduated from Iowa State College in 1880
• Superintendent of schools in Mason City, IA, from 1883 to 1884
• In 1885 she married Lee Chapman, a journalist (d. 1886)
• In 1890 she married George Catt, an engineer (d. 1905)
• Catt was an organizer for the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1890 to 1900
• She became president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1900
• She led the fight to win suffrage through a federal amendment to the Constitution
• Catt organized the League of Women Voters (dedicated to the education of women in politics) after the ratification of the 19th Amendment (1920)
• Catt was president of International Woman Suffrage Alliance from 1904 to 1923
• Beginning in 1923, she devoted her efforts to the peace movement
• She wrote Woman Suffrage and Politics (1923) with Nettie R. Shuler

1813-1876

• American lecturer and suffragist
• Born Paulina Kellogg in Bloomfield, NY
• In 1833 she married merchant Francis Wright (d. 1835)
• In 1849 she married Thomas Davis (who later became a congressman for Rhode Island)
• Davis was active in the early antislavery and women's rights movements
• In 1844 she lectured to women on anatomy and physiology
• Davis helped to open the medical profession to women
• In 1853 she founded Una, the first women's rights paper in the U.S.
• In 1871 she published A History of the National Women's Rights Movement

1819-1910

• American author and social reformer
• Born in New York, NY
• Married Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe, who edited the Boston Commonwealth, an abolitionist paper
• Worked on her husband’s philanthropic projects
• She wrote and lectured on behalf of woman suffrage, black emancipation, and other causes, and helped found a world peace organization
• She wrote "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" in November 1861 after watching Union troops march into battle; this was her most famous work
• "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" was published in the Atlantic Monthly in February 1862
• The American Academy of Arts and Letters elected her as its first woman member
• Howe was the author of Modern Society (1881), and a biography of Margaret Fuller (1883); she also wrote several volumes of poetry

1830-1917

• Washington, DC, lawyer and women's rights activist
• Born Belva Bennett in Royalton, NY
• Taught at a number of schools in upstate New York
• Her first husband died in 1853
• She resumed teaching and chose to continue her education
• Graduated from Genesee College (later Syracuse University) in 1857
• Relocated to Washington, DC
• Attended the new National University Law School from 1871 to 1873 and was admitted to the District of Columbia bar in 1873
• In 1872 she secured the passage of a law granting equal pay for equal work to women employees in the federal government
• Became the first woman admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court (1879)
• Lockwood ran twice for U.S. president as the National Equal Rights Party's candidate (1884 and 1888)
• In 1903 she wrote the congressional amendments granting suffrage to women in the new states of Oklahoma, Arizona, and New Mexico
• Lockwood was a delegate to various peace congresses in Europe

1847-1919

• American woman suffrage leader
• Born in England
• Emigrated to the United States in 1851
• Grew up on a farm in Michigan
• Received a degree in theology (1878) and one in medicine (1885) from Boston University
• The Methodist Episcopal Church refused to allow her to preach
• In 1880 she was ordained by the Methodist Protestant denomination
• Shaw filled several pastorates in Massachusetts
• In 1888 she met Susan B. Anthony, and worked for woman suffrage for the rest of her life
• Shaw was vice president at large (1892-1904) and president (1904-1915) of the National American Woman Suffrage Association
• Dr. Shaw campaigned in every state where a suffrage measure was under consideration and was an effective speaker for the suffrage movement

1815-1902

• American reformer and leader of the woman suffrage movement
• Born in Johnstown, NY
• Educated at the Troy Female Seminary (now Emma Willard School) in Troy, NY
• In 1840 she married Henry Brewster Stanton, a journalist and abolitionist
• Attended the international slavery convention in London where the woman delegates were excluded from the floor of the convention
• The exclusion of women candidates led Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott to organize women to win greater equality
• The first women's rights convention in the U.S. was held in 1848 at Seneca Falls, NY (Stanton was instrumental in organizing this event)
• Stanton pushed for a suffrage clause to be included in the bill of rights for women
• She was president of the National Woman Suffrage Association from 1869 to 1890, and of the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1890 to 1892
• Elizabeth Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Parker Pillsbury edited the Revolution, a militant feminist magazine from 1868 to 1870
• Stanton was a brilliant orator and an able journalist

1818-1893

• Reformer and leader in the women's rights movement
• Born near West Brookfield, MA
• Graduated from Oberlin College in 1847
• Regular lecturer for the Anti-Slavery Society
• In 1855 she married Henry Brown Blackwell, but was always known as Mrs. Stone
• In 1870 she founded the Woman's Journal, the official publication of the American Woman Suffrage Association and the National American Woman Suffrage Association
• After her death in 1893, the Woman's Journal was edited by her daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell

1863-1954

• Civil rights and women's rights activist
• Born in Memphis, TN
• Terrell's parents were ex-slaves who later became wealthy
• Attended Oberlin College in Ohio, earning a bachelor's degree in 1884 and a master's degree in 1888
• Became active in the suffragist movement, founding the Colored Women's League in 1892
• In 1896 the Colored Women's League merged with the National Federation of Afro-American Women to become the National Federation of Colored Women
• Church Terrell was the first president of the National Federation of Colored Women
• In 1895 she became the first African-American woman appointed to the District of Columbia Board of Education
• A charter member of the NAACP, she was a popular lecturer on equal rights for women and blacks
• She served as a delegate at various international women's rights congresses and a prolific writer on social issues
• She received honorary doctorates from Howard University, Wilberforce College, and Oberlin College

1797-1883

• American abolitionist, a freed slave
• Born in Ulster County, NY
• Originally called Isabella, but adopted the name Sojourner Truth
• Convinced that she heard heavenly voices
• Traveled throughout the North preaching emancipation and women's rights
• A remarkable personality and great lecturer even though she remained illiterate

• American temperance leader and reformer
• Born in Churchville, NY
• Graduated from Northwestern Female College in 1859
• President of Evanston College for Ladies
• Dean of women at Northwestern University
• In 1874 she helped organize the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and in 1879 became its president

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